The first public bodies for the management of economic policy in tourism in Spain (1904-1931)
Abstract
Traditionally, studies that address the evolution of tourism activities and the policies that regulate them, as well as their economic effects, have been linked to the analysis of political, and not economic, periods related to tourism, that is, the Monarchy of Alfonso XIII, the Republic, Francoism and Democracy. The purpose of this work is to analyze the tourism sector during the period from 1904 to 1931, based on the study of three major stages that show its progress or stagnations, especially taking into account two aspects: the legal articulation of the sector and the people who carried it out, as well as the economic aspects that have stood out in those stages.
The reasons that have led us to apply this methodology are mainly based on the fact that Spain, despite having considerable own or "inherited" resources for tourism activities, given its cultural, environmental or coastal heritage, has suffered of a continued political drive to generate this activity, being the effort and personal tenacity of some public officials or political figures such as the Marquis de la Vega-Inclán, among others, those who develop the sector from the regulatory point of view, and also economic, to make it more attractive internationally. In addition, it is important to analyze the conformation of the tourist sector from a descriptive analysis, which takes into account a historical-economic vision, rather than a historical-political one, thus showing its trajectory throughout the indicated study period. In this way, it can be said that this period of analysis stands out for a greater awareness on the part of the Governments about the importance of tourism in Spain, differentiating the following stages:
- The National Commission in charge of promoting artistic and recreational excursions for the foreign public (1904-1911).
- The Regia Comisaría de Turismo (1911-1928).
- The National Tourist Board (1928-1931).
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